Crozet Islands

The archipelago was discovered on 24 January 1772 by Marc-Joseph Marion du Fresne, who named them after his second-in-command Jules Crozet who claimed the archipelago for France whilst en route towards New Zealand. Unfortunately, much of the crew, including Captain Marion, were cannibalised by the Maori, but Crozet survived and led his survivors back to Mauritius. When Cook set sail for the archipelago, he decided in 1776 to name all of these islands after their two discoverers, Marion and Crozet Islands, but only the name of Crozet was kept. Later, the toponym Marion was used to refer to the western group and Crozet to the eastern – the western group now refers to the Prince Edward Islands administered by South Africa, while the eastern referred to the Crozet Islands.

Like many Subantarctic and Antarctic islands, the Crozet Islands were popular with sealers and had almost exterminated them by 1835; likewise, whalers had also nearly exploited the islands' whale population, which was completely legal – it would take almost a century for conservation efforts to grow. However, as the archipelago's seal and whale population had been near-exploited, the islands were seldom visited until the early 20th century.

France reasserted its sovereignty of the islands in 1923 and between 1924 and 1955, the archipelago was administered from Madagascar (back when it was a French colony) and almost a century after the archipelago's seal and whale population was near-exploited, the islands were declared a nature reserve in 1938. After 1955, the islands became a part of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands and the Alfred Faure research station was set up six years later and is the only human activity on the archipelago where they perform meteorological, biological and geological research.

The vegetation is tundra-like, but there is no permafrost. The rich wildlife was partially wiped out in the 19th century, but penguins (golden-crested penguins and king penguins) and seabirds have returned.

The archipelago's climate is generally cold as with many Subantarctic islands and is best visited during summer and fluctuates within the single digits year-round. Keep in mind that winter can get very windy – winds exceeding 100 km/h (62 mph) occur about 100 days of the year.

• Official archipelago blog
• taaf.fr website

• 🌍 Baie Américaine (American Bay or BUS). Found on the north of the island, this bay is named after the sealing vessel America, back during the times when sealing was the island's main draw. Today, the only remnants are the two cabins to the northwest of the Moby Dick River. (updated Dec 2022)
• 🌍 Chapelle Notre-Dame-des-Oiseaux, Base Alfred Faure (to the east of the post office). Perhaps the only site of interest at the Alfred Faure research station, this Roman Catholic chapel goes to show that Christianity has truly reached every corner of the globe. It was constructed in 1984, but it is not very large and is probably the size of the average council park maintenance building. The church also has a plaque placed in commemoration of the 13 disappeared sailors on Tamaris who tried to make it to Île de la Possession but never made it. (updated Dec 2022)
• 🌍 Perdu Lake (Lac Perdu). A crater lake on the foothills of the Pic du Mascarin. The lake may potentially be frozen at times, even though its elevation is only 477 metres (1,565 ft). (updated Dec 2022)
• 🌍 Pic du Mascarin. This volcano is the highest peak of Île de la Possession with an elevation of 934 metres (3,064 ft). Surrounding the volcano is the picturesque Vallée de l'Au-delà (L'Au-delà Valley); the valley was named as such because it was difficult to access then and still is difficult to access now. (updated Dec 2022)