Rajgir

Rajgir, meaning the abode of Kings, has been mentioned first in the ancient Hindu epic Mahabharata as the capital of Magadh, ruled by the mighty King Jarasandha. Although the exact time of the origin of this city has not been established, it is estimated by scholars that it must be around 3,000 years old.

Rajgir has been mentioned in ancient Buddhist and Jain scriptures and also in the travelogues of Buddhist travellers Huen Tsang and Fa Hian who visited India during the Mauryan and Gupta times. The city is divided in two parts, the old fortified city which lies in the valley surrounded by seven hills (Chhatha, Ratna, Saila, Sona, Udaya, Vaibhara and Vipula) and the new city established by Ajatshatru, the son of Bimbisara and a contemporary of Lord Buddha.

Rajgir has been closely related to Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism and has played host to Lord Buddha and Mahavira, thus has many archeological sites related to Buddhism and Jainism.

Tanga (horse-drawn carriage) is the main mean of the transportation. Ongoing rate to the base of Ratnagiri or Gridhakuta (Vulture's Peak) is ₹150 return including waiting but can be negotiated down to ₹50 one-way. Shared ride in town (between Makhdum Kund and bus stand) is also available for ₹10.

There is a chairlift to the top of Ratnagiri where Shanti Stupa is located. The rate is ₹120 return ticket only. There is a modern cable car route installed recently to the top of Ratnagiri. The rate is ₹250 for foreigners.

You can also walk up 600+ steps to the top. Gridhakuta, the meditating place for the Buddha, is however located on the half way and not on the path of the chairlift.

• 🌍 Bimbisara's jail. This archeological site is believed to be the jail in which King Ajatshatru imprisoned his father Bimbisara. From his prison cell, Bimbisara could see Buddha meditating on the Vulture Peak (Gridhakuta). 
• 🌍 Chariot Tracks. The Chariot Route and shell inscriptions consist of two parallel furrows cut deep into the rock ground for about thirty feet and are believed to have been made by Lord Krishna's Chariot. Several undeciphered shell inscriptions are engraved in the rock around the chariot marks. 
• Cyclopean walls. Believed to be 2500 years old, these Cyclopean walls are a 40 km long and 4 metres wide fortification running around the city. 
• 🌍 Gridhakuta (Vulture's Peak). The place is atop a small hill and believed to be a meditating place of Buddha. You can continue on to the top of Ratnagiri hill, there is a Viswa Shanti Stupa (Peace Stupa) build by the Buddhist school Myohosan of Japan. One can reach the stupa by using the ropeway or the flight of 600+ stone steps leading to the top of the hill. 

• Japanese Stupa (Shanti Stupa/Peace Pagoda) (Atop Gridhakuta). 
• Makhdum Kund. This is the shrine of a Muslim Sufi Saint Makhdum Shah and has warm springs similar to Tapodharma. 
• Maniar Matth. Dating 1 century CE, the Maniar Matth is said to be a monastery of a cult which worshipped snakes. Several snake and cobra figurins have been found in the vicinity in excavations. 
• Rajgir Heritage Museum. It has 49 rare items of archaeological and sculpture finds. It also has a collection of antiques along with several Buddhist and Hindu stone sculptures, bronze images of the Gupta and Pala period and terracottas. 
• 🌍 Saptaparni Caves (also known as Jarasandh's sitting room). These caves hosted the First Buddhist Council and were used by early Buddhist monks as resting places as well as centers of debates. 
• Sonabhandar. This ancient structure is said to be the treasury of Magadha. 
• Tapodharma/Lakshmi Narayan Mandir. Tapodharma was the site of an ancient Buddhist monastery over which a Hindu temple is built today. The place has hot water springs which are rich in sulfur and said to have a curative effects. 
• 🌍 Venuvana (Bamboo grove or Venu Van). Is said to be a bamboo grove gifted to Lord Buddha by Bhimbisara, the then king of Magadha. 

• Hot springs. Take a deep bath in a hot spring (Kund). 
• Ropeway. Enjoy the ride on the ropeway. 

• Near Rajgir railway station. Very cheap, delicious food served by family members of restaurant. 

There are a few places to stay near both the railway station and the bus station, and on the 2km road in between. The town has many budget hotels (Double ₹300), as well as Bihar tourist run hotels (Double ₹1200). 9am checkouts are common, but can often be negotiated before money is exchanged.

• Bihar Sharif; Buses leave about every 30 minutes from the main bus stand. (about ₹30 in 2020)
• Bodhgaya — often requires a change of bus in Bihar Sharif or Gaya
• Deo —city of the Sun Temple.
• Kakolat — a good waterfall
• Nalanda; Buses leave about every 30 minutes from the main bus stand. (about ₹15 in 2020)
• Patna; a direct bus from Rajgir to Patna only leaves once a day. Often the better option is to take a regular bus to Bihar Sharif (about ₹30 in 2020), then change for a bus to Patna (₹60 in 2012)