Touring Shaker country
Touring Shaker country takes you to one current and nine former Shaker communities in the Mid-Atlantic, New England and Midwest regions of the United States.
Understand
The United Society of Believers, known as Shaking Quakers, or simply as Shakers, are a Christian sect that dates to the middle of the 18th century. The movement found critical mass around 1772 in Manchester, England under the leadership of "Mother" Ann Lee, who was considered the Second Coming of Christ in female form. A radical sect, they lived celibate lives, forsaking marriage and childbirth, treating men and women as equals and bringing up adopted children as a community. In 1774 Lee emigrated with a small group of followers to England's North American colonies to escape persecution in England. Being both pacifist and English, the move to the rebellious American colonies was ill-timed, bringing new rounds of persecution upon the Shakers in their new land. The tide turned for the Shakers between the end of the revolution and the American Civil War, when waves of religious revivalism swept the country, bringing new converts. Around 1787 they began to formally organize into self-sufficient communities across the eastern United States, and began to develop crafts and industries that gained popularity in the surrounding secular culture, most notably their simple yet highly functional furniture. The first community was Watervliet in New York state. Eventually eighteen communities were established in Maine, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Connecticut, New York, Kentucky, Ohio, Indiana, Georgia, and Florida. The Civil War severely curtailed the American interest in communal and utopian life and the Shakers, along with similarly organized groups, began a long, slow decline. From a peak of around 6,000 members, the Shakers today are reduced to a single location at Sabbathday Lake in Maine occupied by a handful of mostly elderly believers.
Shakers are credited with a number of innovations and inventions that have since been widely adopted: packaging seeds in envelopes, the clothespin, the flat broom, an automated washing machine. Their style of furniture continues to inspire craftsmen.
Prepare
The members lived in gender-segregated, dormitory-like housing, but came together to work and pray.
Get in
Shakers are known for their name because of the way they swayed and "danced" when the spirit moved them in church.
Drive
For the sake of convenience there are two routes, either of which can be covered in several days. Beginning to End loops through New York state and New England, and can be done in a long weekend. Western Shakers covers two villages in Kentucky and can be done in two days. Those with a serious interest in Shakers or more time on their hands can go straight through from Maine to Kentucky.
Beginning to end
Starts at Watervliet, the first settlement of Shakers in the United States, and ends at Sabbathday Lake, the location of the only extant Shaker community.
New York
- 🌍 Watervliet Shaker Historic District, 875 Watervliet Shaker Rd, Colonie, ☏ +1 518 456-7890. February to October, Tu-Sa 9:30AM-4PM. November and December, M-Sa 10AM-4PM. Watervliet was the first Shaker settlement in the United States and Shaker leader Ann Lee is buried here. The site is owned by Albany County, which occupies most buildings. All but 8 buildings were demolished by the county in the 1930s. The nonprofit Shaker Heritage Society has renovated the meeting house, where it operates a gift shop. Guided tours available by appointment. Self-guided tour maps available inside the gift shop. Admission is free, suggested donation $5 per adult appreciated.
- 🌍 Mount Lebanon Shaker Village, 202 Shaker Rd, New Lebanon (Take Darrow Rd off Rt. 20, entrance will be on right), ☏ +1 518 794-9100. While Watervliet was the first gathering of Shakers, the Mount Lebanon community was the first to be formally and deliberately organized into a communal living arrangement. At its peak, this was the largest Shaker village, comprising over 6,000 acres and 100 buildings. It was also the spiritual center of the Shaker movement. Now the village is mostly in ruins or demolished, but the shell of the massive stone barn still stands. Call or check web site for schedule.
Massachusetts
- 🌍 Hancock Shaker Village, 34 Lebanon Mountain Rd, Hancock (On Routes 20 and 41. The entrance is 1/2 mile from the Pittsfield city limits), ☏ +1 413 443-0188, toll-free: +1-800-817-1137. Open 11AM-5PM daily for self-guided tours, guided tour schedule varies with the season, closed major holidays. A widely acclaimed destination named The City of Peace by its residents, this Shaker community disbanded in 1960 and sold the buildings and over 900 acres to a group that formed a nonprofit preservation organization. This Shaker site is in remarkable shape, and features a unique round stone barn. It now encompasses about 1,200 acres and 20 restored buildings. adult $18-$20; ages 13-18 $8; children 12 and under free.
New Hampshire
- 🌍 Canterbury Shaker Village, 288 Shaker Rd, Canterbury, ☏ +1 603 783-951. Open from the middle of May through the end of October, daily 10AM-5PM. Established in 1792 as the seventh Shaker community, its last Shaker resident died in 1992. This open air museum features 25 original Shaker buildings on nearly 700 acres. Adults $17, $10 in month of November; youth aged 6-17 $8, children aged 5 and under free. Group rates available.
- 🌍 Enfield Shaker Museum, Enfield, 447 NH Route 4A, ☏ +1 603 632-4346. Full season begins in May, 10AM-4PM daily. Chronologically the ninth of eighteen Shaker villages established, Chosen Vale once covered 3,000 acres and included about 200 structures. The Enfield community disbanded in 1923. Adult $12, youth 11 to 17 $8, children 6 to 10 $3, children 5 and under free.
Maine
- 🌍 Sabbathday Lake Shaker Museum (United Society of Shakers), 707 Shaker Rd, New Gloucester, ☏ +1 207 926-4597. Museum is open Memorial Day through Columbus Day, M-Sa 10AM-4:30PM; closed Su. Established 1783, it is on 1,800 acres at Sabbathday Lake. It was the smallest and poorest Shaker community, but is home to the few remaining Shakers. Six of eighteen buildings are open for guided tours. Sunday meeting (worship service) is open to the public. Side trip: Combine this location with a visit to Poland Spring, the fabled nineteenth-century spa that lives on as a brand of bottled water. Adults $10, family pass (parents and children): $30, children ages 6-12 $2, children under 6 free.
- 🌍 Alfred Shaker Museum (Friends of the Alfred Shaker Museum), 118 Shaker Hill Rd, ☏ +1 207 324-9630. May-Oct: W Sa 1-4PM; other hours by appointment. Like Sabbathday Lake, Alfred was established around 1793. Famously, Alfred is where, according to Shaker tradition, Brother Joseph Brackett composed the song "Simple Gifts". The village was closed in 1931, when the remaining Shakers moved to Sabbathday Lake. Only one remaining building is open to the public as a museum: a restored 1875 carriage house, which now serves as an educational center about the Shakers and the Alfred Village. Museum is open for free.
Western Shakers
Unfortunately, the western Shaker communities in Indiana and Ohio have largely been dismantled. Two in Kentucky, however, are in good shape and about 160 miles apart. It would be easy to visit South Union and Pleasant Hill in a weekend, especially since both offer lodging on site. In Ohio, there is an effort to restore Whitewater Village, see Whitewater Village.org
Kentucky
- 🌍 Shaker Museum at South Union, 850 Shaker Museum Rd, Auburn, toll-free: 1 800-811-8379. Regular season runs March 1-November 30, M-Sa 9AM-5PM, and Su 1-5PM. Closed Thanksgiving Day. Winter hours December 1 through the last day of February, Tu-Sa 10AM-4PM, closed Christmas Eve, Christmas Day, New Year's Eve and New Year's Day. The South Union community was founded in 1807 and disbanded in 1922. Kentucky was a tough place to be a pacifist, anti-slavery Shaker during the Civil War. South Union, overrun by both Union and Confederate troops, has a collection of journals describing the time. Several original buildings have been restored, one of which houses a museum containing artifacts and manuscripts. Also restored is the Shaker Tavern, built in 1869 as a profit-making venture and operated under lease by "wordly" non-Shakers. Appropriately, today it is operated as a bed-and-breakfast that helps to fund the nonprofit Shaker museum. The tavern is located a little over a mile west of the museum on Route 73 Adults $8, children ages 6-12 $4, children 5 and under free, students $4.
- 🌍 Shaker Village of Pleasant Hill, 3501 Lexington Rd, Harrodsburg, toll-free: +1 800-734-5611. Tu-Th Su 10AM-5PM, F Sa 10AM-8PM. This is one of the larger restorations of a Shaker community: it has 14 buildings. Overnight accommodations are available in 81 guest rooms in restored buildings in the village ($90-225, all rooms have thoroughly modern conveniences). This is a living history museum, with demonstrations of 19th-century trades and farming techniques. $10 ages 13 and up, $5 ages 6-12, free 5 and under.
Go next
Take a break from communal communities for a side trip to Anabaptist country. Visit the Amish and Mennonite communities in Pennsylvania Dutch Country and Holmes County, Ohio. The Ohio Amish population is larger than the Pennsylvanian.
From Plymouth to Hampton Roads and American Industry Tour are other historical tours through the northeastern United States.