Herefordshire

• 🌍 Hereford – cathedral city and county town. Hereford enjoys city status by virtue of its cathedral, which was built between 1079 and 1250.

In 2014, these five market towns relinquished their traditional markets, which were devolved to a purpose-built livestock market, to the west of Hereford's centre.

• 🌍 Bromyard – There is a moated Tudor manor house on the Brockhampton Estate.
• 🌍 Kington – Closest town with accommodation to Offa's Dyke.
• 🌍 Leominster – Its 17th century community-owned Grange Court is worth visiting.
• 🌍 Ledbury – Best base camp for visiting the Malvern Hills and Eastnor Castle.
• 🌍 Ross-on-Wye – The sylvan delights of the Forest of Dean are 5 miles (8 km) south.

• 🌍 Bishops Frome (pronounced 'Froom') – 14th-century church of St Mary.
• 🌍 Bridge Sollers – Norman church of St Andrew.
• 🌍 Brinsop – Well-preserved 14th-century manor house, used as billeting during the civil war.
• 🌍 Eardisley – Some of this village's 15th-century timber-framed houses still retain traceried bargeboards.
• 🌍 Fownhope – Attractive 'linear' village with hill connection to Capler Camp. Best Wye viewing point after Symonds Yat.
• 🌍 Hoarwithy (name means 'winter frost') – Unusual arcaded Italianate church, executed entirely in Old Devonian red sandstone.
• 🌍 Kilpeck – Its tiny Norman church is renowned for its primitive sandstone carvings, probably executed freehand by local stonemasons.

• 🌍 Kinnersley – Part-Elizabethan manor house in which Nazi sympathiser Lord Brocket was interned during World War II.
• 🌍 Leintwardine (pronounced 'Lentwardine') – Remains of 10 acre (4 ha) Roman settlement of Bravinium.
• 🌍 Moccas – Georgian mansion, now owned by the founder of the LK Bennett fashion empire.
• 🌍 Monnington-on-Wye – 17th-century church "uncommonly complete in structure and furnishings" (Pevsner)
• 🌍 Pembridge – Its Grade I-listed church has its bell-house on the ground, instead of on top of the church.
• 🌍 Shobdon – Grade I-listed w:St John's Church, Shobdon is a former priory church with spectacular Rococo interior.
• 🌍 Richards Castle – Remains of castle connected with the Mortimer dynasty.
• 🌍 Weobley (pronounced 'Webley') – Has many well-preserved 'black-and-white' houses.

For centuries, the region was a hotly-contested territory between the adjoining countries of Wales and England, never more so that during the reign of the 8th-century King Offa. In 794, Offa is reputed to have ordered the assassination of the 14-year-old East Anglian King Ethelbert, who had been lured to Herefordshire with the offer of marriage to the Mercian warlord’s daughter Alfreda, and the promise of territorial expansion. There's a shrine to Ethelbert (later canonised) close to the Lady Chapel in Hereford Cathedral. Hereford is one of the five administrative burhs which Offa is credited with creating, during his 39-year reign.

The introduction to Sir Nikolaus Pevsner’s 1963 volume on Herefordshire, in his Buildings of England series, begins: "There are not many counties in England of which it can be said that, wherever one goes, there will not be a mile that is not rewarding".

The Battle of the Three Suns

In 1461, at dawn on the morning of the Battle of Mortimer’s Cross, the opposing Yorkist and Lancastrian forces were drawn up in the Lugg valley at the extreme north of the county. A heavy mist, rising from the river, caused the refraction of the sun, which appeared to the frightened troops of both sides as three suns. The Yorkists’ leader Edward of March reassured his followers that this was a Biblical sign, depicting the Holy Trinity, and led them to victory. Four thousand died people in the battle.

Hunt the Green Man

As well as the famous Kilpeck carving, references to this curious pagan icon crop up in the strangest places across the county. A Green Man is to be found modelled into the Jacobean relief plasterwork of a ceiling at Kinnersley Castle, at Much Marcle's church of St Bartholomew and he is also hiding in the interiors of Hereford Cathedral, Leominster Priory and Dore Abbey. When it was a much rowdier event lasting more than a week, many revellers at the city's May Fair would sport Jack-in-the-Green emblems.

Dating back to 1533, Hereford Bowling Club and Green in Bewell Street is the country's oldest bowls club still on its original site.

Herefordshire is a growing favourite with tourists seeking a relaxed rural atmosphere coupled with spectacular scenic views. On average visitors stay for three nights. Four grades of overnight accommodation are to be found across the county: full-board hotels (in the city, market towns or in the countryside); bed-and-breakfast establishments; self-catering; and farmhouse accommodation. The latter is extremely popular as it often involves staying as guests of a farming family, experiencing country living at close quarters.

There are six tourist information centres across the county, at Bromyard, Hereford, Kington, Ledbury, Leominster and Ross-on-Wye.

• Herefordshire County Council website

Herefordshire has no commercial airport, but the county is accessible from Birmingham International, Bristol, Cardiff and London Heathrow.

🌍 Heathrow Airport (LHR ^IATA) is 130 mi (210 km) by car and takes about 3 hr, depending on traffic. To reach Hereford by train, you'll need to travel via London Paddington; journey times are slightly less than 4 hr.

🌍 Birmingham Airport (BHX ^IATA) is 64 mi (103 km) away with a driving time of about 1 hr 40 min. By train, a journey via Birmingham New Street takes just over 2 hr.

🌍 Cardiff Airport (CWL ^IATA) is 70 mi (110 km) away with a driving time of 1 hr 20 min. By train, a journey via Cardiff Central takes around 2 hr.

🌍 Bristol Airport (BRS ^IATA) is 70 mi (110 km) away with a driving time of 1 hr 40 min. Don't use Bristol if you're not hiring a car, as the journey by bus and train to Hereford takes 3 hr.

Hereford's railway station is the county's rail hub. Best journey time from the capital is under three hours, a scenic east-west route passing through the counties of Berkshire, Oxfordshire and Worcestershire. There are six trains a day on this route. The most frequent trains (at least once every hour, all day) come in from Birmingham New Street, Cardiff Central, Manchester Piccadilly, Shrewsbury and Worcester. Unfortunately, much of the rolling stock on these lines is pretty ancient. The exception is GWR's sleek new Hitachi train sets for the London run, with coaches as comfortable as Spain's RNFE network. Hereford was the last major English city to be connected to the rail network, nearly half a century after steam locomotion was adopted. Its Grade-II listed Victorian-Gothic station survives and in 2007 was selected as one of Britain’s 100 best stations.

Most visitors to Herefordshire will find it easiest to travel around by car, given the rural nature of the county and the patchy public transport network. The county is only connected to the national motorway network in the extreme south (M50) and there are few dual carriageways. Travel can therefore be a bit on the slow side, but this lends itself to enjoying the scenery and allowing stops in scenic towns and villages en route. Minor roads in the countryside are often winding and narrow (roughly the width of a modern tractor). They are usually lined with high, dense hedges which obscure the view of oncoming vehicles. Drive cautiously, beep your horn on corners and use the passing places - sometimes the nearest one is behind you.

Confusingly, Hereford has three bus termini: one (urban routes) is behind the Tesco supermarket in Bewell Street; one on St Peter’s Square (rural routes); and one behind the former Odeon cinema in Commercial Road (inter-city). Weather protection is barely adequate (no heated waiting rooms) and none have real-time displays.

For the Herefordshire towns of Bromyard, Kington and Ross-on-Wye and smaller villages and places to visit, there are buses. Buses towards Leominster, Ludlow, Kington, Llandrindod Wells, Hay-on-Wye, Brecon and Monmouth leave from outside the Hereford railway station and also stop at the Country Bus Station. Services towards Abergavenny, Merthyr Tydfil, Cardiff, Ross-on-Wye, Ledbury, Bromyard and Worcester and most villages leave from the "County Bus Station" (behind the cinema on Commercial road - about 3 minutes walk from the station).

Visitors to the region would be well advised to carry the number of the regional Traveline bus information service (☏ +44 871 200 2233) on their phones. The county council has been talking about building a multi-modal transport hub for more than five years.

There are direct train links from Hereford to Colwall, Ledbury and Leominster. The local train company is Transport for Wales.

The impressive 5th-century linear earthworks of Offa’s Dyke (partially exploiting natural contours but almost certainly constructed by enforced labour) runs south to north, beginning at Sedbury, near Chepstow in Monmouthshire and terminating at Prestatyn in North Wales. Nearly 50 mi (80 km) of this 177 mi (285 km) scenic path traverses Herefordshire. Walkers wanting to plan ahead, in terms of overnight accommodation alongside the Dyke, should check the website. It would take an average walker 12 days to walk its entire length. Canine-friendly walks: Castle Green and Churchill Gardens (in the city); Hough Woods, Fownhope and Queenswood Country Park, Dinmore Hill (countryside).

Visitors coming to the county to escape the Covid-19 epidemic couldn’t do better than consider healthy outdoor canoeing on the River Wye. Except in winter, the (non-tidal) Wye is easily navigable as there are no weirs or waterfalls (but respect the swans!). There are three canoe hire centres, the oldest being Wye Valley Canoe and Kayak Centre at Glasbury, near Hay-on-Wye. All the centres offer basic safety training and instruction and will rent you waterproofs, life jackets and helmets. The company estimates that armed with camping equipment it would take about six days to paddle down the Wye (aided by the gentle current) to reach Monmouth. By arrangement they will collect you and your canoe and return you to Glasbury.

The Black Mountains (immortalised in Bruce Chatwin's novel On the Black Hill) dominates the Wye Valley's landscape and on days of good visibility can be seen from Hereford, 25 miles away. The best way to get a bird's eye view of this mountain range is to visit the Black Mountains Gliding Club at Talgarth, west of Hay-on-Wye, which offers gliding experience flights.

The county’s three principal arts venues are Bromyard Arts Centre, Ross-on-Wye’s Phoenix Theatre and Hereford’s Courtyard Arts Centre.

From flowers and cattle to books and films, Herefordshire’s stand-out annual events include the Borderlines Festival (Britain’s largest non-metropolitan film festival), H-Art supported by more than 400 local artists, the Three Counties Agricultural Show, the Three Counties Music Festival (Europe's longest-running annual classical music festival), the Ledbury Poetry Festival, the Ross-on-Wye Beer Festival and Hereford's Food Festival. Each September Kington organises a 4-day Walking Festival. Just over the Welsh border, Hay-on-Wye hosts an annual literary festival, which attracts up to 500,000 visitors. Oldest of all the region's annual festivals is the May Fair, which dates back to 1121. It begins on the first Tuesday of the month, when Hereford's High Town and four adjoining streets are closed to traffic for three days (much to the chagrin of local shopkeepers) to accommodate over 100 food vending stalls, dodgems, mechanical rides and - usually set directly in front of the cathedral - a huge carousel (galloper).

The Copper Kettle, British Camp: for a reviving cup of tea after walking on the Malverns; Hereford's Pizza Express was once the city's main Post Office; and The Nest cafeteria at Trumpet specialises in Scotch Eggs.

The county has 20 vineyards, many of which offer wine tastings.

Cider is extremely popular in Herefordshire similar to the West Country further south. There are nine independent cider and perry makers. Founded in 1880, Westons Cider Mill at Much Marcle is the county’s oldest commercial cider maker, with a Visitor Centre which conducts tours of the cider mills. Sixteen varieties of cider apples still exist.

Together with neighbouring Worcestershire, Herefordshire produces around half of the annual hop requirements of the country’s brewing industry.